From the literal meaning of machine vision system, it can be seen that it is mainly divided into three parts:

Machines, vision, and systems. Machines are responsible for the movement and control of machinery; Vision is realized by light source, industrial lens, industrial camera, image acquisition card, etc. System mainly refers to software, can also be understood as a whole set of machine vision equipment.

Machine vision light source

As an important part of machine vision system input, light source directly affects the quality of input data and application effect. Because there is no universal machine vision light source equipment, so for each specific application instance, to choose the corresponding visual light source, in order to achieve the best effect. Common light sources are: LED ring light source, low Angle light source, back light source, strip light source, coaxial light source, cold light source, point light source, linear light source, parallel light source, etc.

1. Industrial lens

Lens is mainly responsible for beam modulation and signal transmission in machine vision system.

Lens types include: standard, telecentric, wide-angle, close and telephoto, etc. The selection is generally based on the camera interface, subject distance, shooting range, CCD size, distortion allowable range, magnification, focal length and aperture, etc.

2. Industrial cameras

The essential function of industrial camera in machine vision system is to convert optical signals into electrical signals. Compared with ordinary cameras, it has higher transmission force, anti-interference force and stable imaging ability.

According to different standards can be a variety of classification: according to the output signal mode, can be divided into analog industrial cameras and digital industrial cameras; According to different chip types, CCD industrial cameras and CMOS industrial cameras can be divided, and this classification is the most common.

3. Image acquisition card

Although the image acquisition card is only a part of the complete machine vision system, it is also very important, which directly determines the interface of the camera: black and white, color, analog, digital, etc.

PCI acquisition card, 1394 acquisition card, VGA acquisition card and GigE gigabit network acquisition card are more typical. Some of these cards have built-in multiplexing switches that connect multiple cameras to capture multiplexing information at the same time.

Machine vision software

Machine vision software is a key part of automatic processing in machine vision system. According to the specific application requirements, the secondary development of the software package can automatically complete the image acquisition, display, storage and processing. In the purchase of machine vision software, we must pay attention to the development of the hardware environment, the development of the operating system, the development of the language, etc., to ensure the stable operation of the software, convenient secondary development.